Blogs on Science topics

Which animal is the best runner? Most of you must have already guessed that it is the cheetah, but is it the best runner? To find out, let us understand the top speed and stamina required by the land animal. The cheetah is the fastest animal on land and has a top speed of 130 kilometres per hour but it can only run about 460 meters. In fact an average human can run 9000 meters or 9 kilometres. So, if you’re looking for an animal with great speed and stamina it’s the pronghorn antelope, the 2nd fastest animal on land. It has a top speed of 98 kilometres per hour and can run 32186.9 meters or an estimated 32 kilometres. It can achieve this with special heat glands on its face. Which animal is the best swimmer? Well, unlike the questions, Which animal is the best runner and Which animal is the best flyer, this one is easy. It is the sailfish which has a top speed of can go up to 110 kilometres per hour. The sailfish is a member of the billfish. The billfish include the sailfish, the sword...

Big bang and solar system formation It all started 14 billion years ago the universe was super small. Previously, the universe was a singularity. Which is a point that is infinitely small and infinitely dense. 13.7 billion years ago It had exploded and this was called the big bang. Several things happened. The 4 forces of the universe formed. This created protons and electrons along with positrons and anti-protons (anti-matter). They collided to create mini-explosions everywhere. Eventually, after millions of protons and electrons of matter and anti-matter, matter was too much and stayed. This all happened in 1 second. Also, for 380,000 years electrons and protons never met. They never met because the heat of the universe stopped them from interacting. This was the first time an electron and a proton crashed. This formed the first element: hydrogen (which has 1 electron and 1 proton). After a few billion years that element formed gas clouds. One such gas cloud (called the solar nebula)...

What is a black hole? A black hole is a place in space wherein anything can get swallowed up and no substance (including light) can escape from it. In fact, any type of matter that goes into a black hole increases its mass. Matter is present in almost everything like air, pillows, water, etc. Some examples of things that are not matter are sound and light. Read my ‘States of Matter’ blog to find out more about matter. How are black holes formed? There are 4 ways in which a black hole can be formed: A black hole is formed at the end of a star’s lifetime. The star has to be more than 10 times bigger than our sun to become a black hole. Normally, there are forces inside the core that keeps it from collapsing due to its own gravity. Simply put, the core of a big star has hydrogen atoms which collide to form helium which have energy that balances the core. These helium atoms turn into other elements which again creates energy. This process happens until all the hydrogen in a star turns in...

Introduction Water is necessary for our survival. It is one of the most important resources on our planet, and life cannot exist without this life-giving liquid. This blog will cover the physical and chemical attributes of water. The molecular structure of water All substances are made of molecules, and water is no exception. Molecules are extremely small particles, and each molecule has two or more atoms. The molecular structure of water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom bonded together. In a water molecule, the oxygen atom acts as the central atom, with each hydrogen atom bonded to it (the formula is H20). Both oxygen and hydrogen atoms have electrons. Oxygen has an electronegative charge which in simple terms means all its protons attracts all the electrons more strongly than hydrogen giving the oxygen atom a slight negative charge and the hydrogen atoms a slight positive charge.  For a simplified explanation, imagine a family of three members: a moth...

All About Matter What is Matter? Matter can be described as anything that has mass and occupies space. Classification of Matter: Matter can be classified into substances that are both available on Earth and substances that are in space (the Galaxy & Beyond) Space In space, a total of 17 states of matter exists. Examples are: Super-fluid, quantum hall state,  quark-gluon plasma, etc.  On earth On earth, there are many states of matter that are very rare in nature, and we barely see, use or maybe not even know about them. One of which is Plasma, the 4 th  state of matter.    It is naturally found in lightning. While the other state of matter is Bose Einstein Condensate – founded by Satyendra Bose and Albert Einstein. While unlike plasma it cannot be found in nature and only can be made in labs under special conditions. There are also objects that we use on a day-to-day basis – which are solids, liquids and gases.  Characteristics of states of matter There...