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Water through the lens of Physics and Chemistry

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Introduction Water is necessary for our survival. It is one of the most important resources on our planet, and life cannot exist without this life-giving liquid. This blog will cover the physical and chemical attributes of water. The molecular structure of water All substances are made of molecules, and water is no exception. Molecules are extremely small particles, and each molecule has two or more atoms. The molecular structure of water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom bonded together. In a water molecule, the oxygen atom acts as the central atom, with each hydrogen atom bonded to it (the formula is H20). Both oxygen and hydrogen atoms have electrons. Oxygen has an electronegative charge which in simple terms means all its protons attracts all the electrons more strongly than hydrogen giving the oxygen atom a slight negative charge and the hydrogen atoms a slight positive charge.  For a simplified explanation, imagine a family of three members: a moth...

Understanding Matter: Exploring the States of Matter

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All About Matter What is Matter? Matter can be described as anything that has mass and occupies space. Classification of Matter: Matter can be classified into substances that are both available on Earth and substances that are in space (the Galaxy & Beyond) Space In space, a total of 17 states of matter exists. Examples are: Super-fluid, quantum hall state,  quark-gluon plasma, etc.  On earth On earth, there are many states of matter that are very rare in nature, and we barely see, use or maybe not even know about them. One of which is Plasma, the 4 th  state of matter.    It is naturally found in lightning. While the other state of matter is Bose Einstein Condensate – founded by Satyendra Bose and Albert Einstein. While unlike plasma it cannot be found in nature and only can be made in labs under special conditions. There are also objects that we use on a day-to-day basis – which are solids, liquids and gases.  Characteristics of states of matter There...